LA POLÍTICA Y jihad en el Islam
Una visión general
En el nombre de Alá, el Compasivo, el Misericordioso
Islam como usted debe saber ahora, se basa en un principio fundamental: que es que hay one God, who has no daughters, or children, or partners, or likeness, that nothing is know or can imagine, and Allah is the only one worthy of worship. One consequence of this belief is that a Muslim should try to observe the guidelines given by the Creator in all spheres of life. In this sense, Islam is not just a religion, but is actually a way of life. Devotion to God is not limited to prayer, fasting and charity. Rather, all that a Muslim is not considered a good deed if carried out in accordance with the commandments of God. These commands are communicated to us through the last Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), who was sent to all mankind.
Therefore, it is natural that Islam lays down the guidelines for policy and war. Islam is not simply a system for the betterment of the individual, but is also concerned about the welfare of society in general. Islam prescribes that Muslims should have a leader, or caliph, whose duty is to protect the interests of citizens. This right has six components:
should safeguard their religious interests.
should protect his life and security (to punish the murderers and highwaymen, the provision of the enemy's defense).
should protect morals. (Encouraging marriage; punish adultery)
must protect their reputations. (Defamation punish)
should protect their property and homes. (Promote security, punish the thieves)
must protect his mind. (Education, routing alcohol and drugs).
The leader is accountable to God for these functions. It is reported that one of the early caliphs could not sleep well at night because of fear that somewhere in the streets of Baghdad, a camel can lose your balance, and he (the Caliph), then would be responsible on the Day of Judgement as to why not improve the condition of the street.
In exchange, the rights of people are giving their loyalty and obedience, provided they do not violate God's commands. Abu Bakr, the first caliph, went to town when he took the leadership after the death of Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). He said,
"O people, I am one of you whom God has appointed in authority over you, but I'm better than you. You are required to obey me, but only as to act in accordance with laws of God, otherwise you should remove me. "
Islamic political system, then, is a means of implementing the political and socio-economic order established by God. This is necessarily the best system for mankind, because God His wisdom does not prescribe anything other than what is best for us.
I've already mentioned that the Islamic state is obliged to protect the interests of society in general. This includes not only Muslims but also non-Muslim subjects of the state as Jews, Christians, and so on. The latter are called "dhimmis", meaning "covenant people" and not forced to convert to Islam. Are allowed to practice their religion, and even to apply their own laws and courts, in personal relationships such as marriage. However, they are prohibited from making open (ie public) acts that are prohibited in Islam, such as adultery and alcohol consumption. They are not required to pay the religious tax (Zakat), they pay a special poll tax called the "jizyah" in exchange for the privileges of citizenship. Obviously, you may not harbor spies or commit treason. In return, the Caliph must safeguard their rights, so much so that if some of them are captured by the enemy in war, the Caliph is obliged to secure their release, just as he is forced to make the Muslims who have been captured.
Now for a related topic in a way that all too often misunderstood and misinterpreted, which is the concept of jihad. Jihad does not means "holy war", but it is an Arabic word that essentially means "strive." You can take a number of ways, including the struggle of a person against the wishes of his lower self is a form of jihad, struggling against the temptations of Satan is a jihad, as is speaking out against injustice. Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) has said that "The jihad is better to speak a word of truth before a tyrannical ruler."
In some cases, no doubt, jihad can mean physical fighting and war. When Muslims are being attacked by an enemy, or their lands are being invaded and occupied, are forced to defend themselves. The Koran tells us to "fight in the way of God those who fight you but do not exceed the limits." The other case that jihad should include the campaign is to eliminate oppression and injustice of land. "Fight them until there is no more persecution."
While fighting these cases, there are very specific guidelines. Muslims should not kill civilians, women, children and men religious, and priests and monks. They should not kill the trees or property unnecessarily. Thus, terrorism is neither sanctioned nor approved by Islam, in fact, convicted.
I have tried to address the main issues of Islamic politics and jihad, and I hope that my involvement has been beneficial. If you have any questions, I will be happy to answer them. Http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/Quduri_Mukhtasar/default.htm
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